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The Five Tenets of Confucius
The Five Cardinal Rules / Virtues of Confucius
仁義禮智信 are the core of Confucius's philosophy.
Simply stated:
仁 = Benevolence / Charity
義 = Justice / Rectitude
禮 = Courtesy / Politeness / Tact
智 = Wisdom / Knowledge
信 = Fidelity / Trust / Sincerity
Many of these concepts can be found in various religious teachings. It should be clearly understood that Confucianism is not a religion but should instead be considered a moral code for a proper and civilized society.
This title is also labeled “5 Confucian virtues.”
If you order this from the Japanese calligrapher, expect the middle Kanji to be written in a more simple form (as seen to the right). This can also be romanized as "jin gi rei satoshi shin" in Japanese. Not all Japanese will recognize this as Confucian tenets but they will know all the meanings of the characters.
See Also: Confucius Teachings | Ethics
Courtesy / Politeness
禮貌 is a Chinese and old Korean word that means courtesy or politeness.
Courtesy is being polite and having good manners. When you speak and act courteously, you give others a feeling of being valued and respected. Greet people pleasantly. Bring courtesy home. Your family needs it most of all. Courtesy helps life to go smoothly.
If you put the words "fēi cháng bù" in front of this, it is like adding "very much not." it’s a great insult in China, as nobody wants to be called "extremely discourteous" or "very much impolite."
Respect
Politeness, Gratitude and Propriety
礼 is one of the five tenets of Confucius.
Beyond respect, 礼 can also be translated as propriety, good manners, politeness, rite, worship, or an expression of gratitude.
We show respect by speaking and acting with courtesy. We treat others with dignity and honor the rules of our family, school, and nation. Respect yourself, and others will respect you.
Please note that Japanese use this simplified 礼 version of the original 禮 character for respect. 礼 also happens to be the same simplification used in mainland China. While 禮 is the traditional and original version, 礼 has been used as a shorthand version for many centuries. Click on the big 禮 character to the right if you want the Traditional Chinese and older Japanese versions.
This is also a virtue of the Samurai Warrior
See our page with just Code of the Samurai / Bushido here
See Also: Confucius
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Below are some entries from our dictionary that may match your politeness search...
| Characters If shown, 2nd row is Simp. Chinese |
Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
まし see styles |
mashi マシ |
(auxiliary) (1) (polite language) please; (2) used to increase the politeness of a greeting, apology, etc.; (female given name) Mashi |
禮貌 礼貌 see styles |
lǐ mào li3 mao4 li mao |
More info & calligraphy: Courtesy / Politeness |
ませ see styles |
mase ませ |
(auxiliary) (1) (polite language) please; (2) used to increase the politeness of a greeting, apology, etc. |
五常 see styles |
wǔ cháng wu3 chang2 wu ch`ang wu chang gojou / gojo ごじょう |
the five cardinal virtues in traditional Chinese ethics: benevolence 仁[ren2], justice 義|义[yi4], propriety 禮|礼[li3], wisdom 智[zhi4] and honor 信[xin4]; alternative term for 五倫|五伦[wu3lun2], the five cardinal relationships; alternative term for 五行[wu3xing2], the five elements the five cardinal Confucian virtues (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence); (place-name) Gojō five constant [virtues] |
礼節 see styles |
reisetsu / resetsu れいせつ |
decorum; propriety; politeness |
還禮 还礼 see styles |
huán lǐ huan2 li3 huan li genrei |
to return a politeness; to present a gift in return 還拜; 還香 Return of courtesy, of a salute, of incense offered, etc. |
客氣話 客气话 see styles |
kè qi huà ke4 qi5 hua4 k`o ch`i hua ko chi hua |
words of politeness; politesse; decorous talking; talk with propriety |
やさんす see styles |
yasansu やさんす |
(auxiliary verb) (archaism) (feminine speech) (polite language) indicates respect for the one performing an action and politeness to the listener |
別太客氣 别太客气 see styles |
bié tài kè qi bie2 tai4 ke4 qi5 pieh t`ai k`o ch`i pieh tai ko chi |
lit. no excessive politeness; Don't mention it!; You're welcome!; Please don't stand on ceremony. |
慇懃無礼 see styles |
inginburei / inginbure いんぎんぶれい |
(noun or adjectival noun) (yoji) superficially polite but actually rude; rude under a veneer of politeness; courteous on the surface but insolent at heart |
毫不客氣 毫不客气 see styles |
háo bù kè qi hao2 bu4 ke4 qi5 hao pu k`o ch`i hao pu ko chi |
no trace of politeness; unrestrained (criticism) |
社交辞令 see styles |
shakoujirei / shakojire しゃこうじれい |
(yoji) something said for politeness' sake; diplomatic language; honeyed words; lip service; empty compliment |
禮尚往來 礼尚往来 see styles |
lǐ shàng wǎng lái li3 shang4 wang3 lai2 li shang wang lai |
lit. proper behavior is based on reciprocity (idiom); fig. to return politeness for politeness |
閑居十德 闲居十德 see styles |
xián jū shí dé xian2 ju1 shi2 de2 hsien chü shih te kanko juttoku |
Ten advantages of a hermitage given in verse, i.e. absence of sex and passion; of temptation to say wrong things; of enemies, and so of strife; of friends to praise or blame; of others' faults, and so of talk about them; of followers or servants, and so no longing for companions; of society, and so no burden of politeness; of guests, and so no preparations; of social intercourse, and so no trouble about garments; of hindrance from others in mystic practice. |
馬鹿慇懃 see styles |
bakaingin ばかいんぎん |
(noun or adjectival noun) (yoji) (rare) (See 馬鹿丁寧) overdone politeness; polite to a fault; feigned politeness |
エチケット see styles |
echiketto エチケット |
(1) politeness (fre: étiquette); good manners; courtesy; etiquette; (2) (wine) label |
Variations: |
mase; mashi ませ; まし |
(auxiliary) (1) (polite language) (following the imperative form of an honorific verb; used to make a polite request or demand) (See ます・1) please; (auxiliary) (2) (polite language) used to increase the politeness of a greeting |
やしゃます see styles |
yashamasu やしゃます |
(auxiliary verb) (archaism) (feminine speech) (polite language) indicates respect for the one performing an action and politeness to the listener |
やしゃんす see styles |
yashansu やしゃんす |
(auxiliary verb) (archaism) (feminine speech) (polite language) indicates respect for the one performing an action and politeness to the listener |
礼儀正しさ see styles |
reigitadashisa / regitadashisa れいぎただしさ |
(See 礼儀正しい) politeness; courtesy |
ポライトネス see styles |
poraitonesu ポライトネス |
politeness |
Variations: |
inginburei / inginbure いんぎんぶれい |
(noun or adjectival noun) (yoji) superficially polite but actually rude; rude under a veneer of politeness; courteous on the surface but insolent at heart |
Variations: |
yasansu; yashansu; yashamasu やさんす; やしゃんす; やしゃます |
(auxiliary verb) (archaism) (feminine speech) (polite language) (after a monosyllable imperfective form verb) indicates respect for the one performing an action and politeness to the listener |
The following table may be helpful for those studying Chinese or Japanese...
| Title | Characters | Romaji (Romanized Japanese) | Various forms of Romanized Chinese | |
| The Five Tenets of Confucius | 仁義禮智信 仁义礼智信 | jin gi rei tomo nobu jingireitomonobu | rén yì lǐ zhì xìn ren2 yi4 li3 zhi4 xin4 ren yi li zhi xin renyilizhixin | jen i li chih hsin jenilichihhsin |
| Courtesy Politeness | 禮貌 礼貌 | lǐ mào / li3 mao4 / li mao / limao | ||
| Respect | 禮 礼 | rei | lǐ / li3 / li | |
| In some entries above you will see that characters have different versions above and below a line. In these cases, the characters above the line are Traditional Chinese, while the ones below are Simplified Chinese. | ||||
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