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Custom Buddhism Chinese & Japanese Calligraphy Wall Scroll

We have many options to create artwork with Buddhism characters on a wall scroll or portrait...

Quick links to words on this page...

  1. Buddhism / Buddha
  2. Buddhism
  3. Buddha / Buddhism
  4. Buddhism
  5. Karma
  6. Bodhi - Awakening Enlightenment
  7. Kensho - Initial Enlightenment
  8. Goddess of Mercy and Compassion
  9. Nirvana
10. Goddess of Compassion
11. Namo Amitabha Buddha
12. Appreciation of Truth by Meditation
13. Bodhisattva
14. Buddha / Shakyamuni
15. Mercy / Compassion / Love
16. Dharma / Buddhist Doctrine
17. Dharma / The Law
18. Dojo / Martial Arts Studio
19. Fate / Opportunity / Chance
20. Four Noble Truths: Suffering
21. Four Noble Truths: Desire and Attachment
22. Four Noble Truths: Elimination of Desire
23. Four Noble Truths: The Path Leading Away From Suffering
24. Four Noble Truths
25. Impermanence
26. Inner Bliss and Peace from Meditation
27. Karma
28. Karma - Cause and Effect
29. Meditation
30. Mercy / Buddhist Compassion
31. Buddhist Monk
32. 4. Right Action / Perfect Conduct
33. 8. Right Concentration / Perfect Concentration
34. 6. Right Effort / Right Endeavor / Perfect Effort
35. 5. Right Living / Right Livelihood / Perfect Livelihood
36. 7. Right Mindfulness / Right Memory / Perfect Mindfulness
37. 2. Right Resolve / Right Thought Right Intention / Perfect Resolve
38. 3. Right Speech / Right Talk / Perfect Speech
39. 1. Right View / Right Understanding Right Perspective / Perfect View
40. Nothingness
41. Pure Land
42. Reach Peace and Calm by Meditation
43. Reincarnation
44. Reincarnation / Transmigration of Souls / Karma
45. Sangha
46. Shakyamuni / The Buddha
47. Sit in Meditation
48. Truth Flashed Through The Mind
49. Zen Contemplation
50. Zen Understanding
51. Zen / Chan / Meditation
52. Lotus Sutra / Namu Myoho Renge Kyo
53. Triple Truth of Japanese Buddhism
54. The Noble Eightfold Path
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Buddhism / Buddha

(single character)

Mandarin
Japanese hotoke
Korean
佛

This is the essence of the Buddha or Buddhism. Depending on context, this word and character can be used to refer to the religion and lifestyle of Buddhism, or in some cases, the Buddha himself.

It is interesting to note that this word is separate from all others in the Chinese language. The sound of "fo" has only this meaning. This is in contrast to many sounds in the Chinese language which can have one of four tones, and more than 20 possible characters and meanings. This language anomaly shows just how significant Buddhism has affected China since the ancient times.

More about Buddhism

This character is also used with the same meaning in Korean Hanja.

It's used in the very religious context of Buddhism in Japan. It should be noted that there are two forms of this Kanji in use in Japan - this is the more formal/ancient version, but it's rarely seen outside of religious artwork, and may not be recognized by all Japanese people.

It also acts as a suffix or first syllable for many Buddhist-related words in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

See our Buddhism & Zen page

See Also...  Bodhisattva | Enlightenment

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Buddhism (Chinese)

(two characters)

Mandarin fó jiào
Korean 불교
佛
教

This is the more exact way to express the religion or lifestyle of Buddhism. It can also be read as "Buddha's Teachings". This is Chinese only, as a different character is more commonly used in Japanese to express Buddhism. The same first character is used in Korea, but a slight variation exists in the second character in Korean Hanja. However, it would be fully recognized by any Korean person who can read Hanja.

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Buddha / Buddhism (Japanese)

(single character)

Japanese hotoke / butsu
Korean
仏

This single Japanese Kanji can mean Buddha or Buddhism.

This Kanji was actually a shorthand way to write Buddha in Chinese (popular around the 13th century). Somehow, this became the version of this Chinese character that was absorbed into Japanese, and thus became part of standard Kanji. Centuries later, this character is not recognized in Chinese at all (except by those from China with a background in Chinese literature or language).

This is also a rare or derivative Korean Hanja form - but I doubt you will find any Korean that knows that.

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Buddhism (Japanese)

(two Kanji)

Japanese bukkyou
仏
教

This can mean Buddha or Buddhism. Depending on context, this word can be used to refer to the religion and lifestyle of Buddhism, or in some cases, the Buddha himself.

Note: Until the 5th century, Japan did not have a written language. At that time, Japan absorbed Chinese characters to form their written language (these characters are known as "Kanji" in Japanese). The first character of this Buddhism title was actually a shorthand way to write Buddha in Chinese (popular around the 13th century). Somehow, this became the version of this character that was absorbed into Japanese, and thus became part of standard Kanji. Centuries later, this character is not recognized in Chinese at all.

The first character is also a rare form of Korean Hanja - though seldom used even when the Korean Hanja writing system was more common 100 years ago.

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Karma

Mandarin
Japanese gou
Korean
業

This is the simplest way to express the idea of Karma. This is the Buddhist idea of actions committed in a former life affecting the present and future.

Out of the context of Buddhism, this character means one's profession in life, trade, occupation, business, study, or career.

The karma definition applies to both Chinese and Japanese for this character. This also works as Korean Hanja; although the meaning can vary depending on context (my Korean dictionary gives the definition of profession/occupation).

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Bodhi - Awakening Enlightenment

Mandarin pú tí
Japanese bodai
Korean 보리
菩
提

The Bodhi is the moment of completion in Buddhism. It is when all things become known, and you have completed your journey to enlightenment.

The reference is to the Bodhi tree where Siddhartha Gautama (the legendary man and who established the Buddhist religion), achieved enlightenment. Sometimes this is referred to as "the tree of enlightenment", but if you want the full version with the character for tree on the end, please see our other entry.

See Also...  Buddha | Nirvana | Enlightenment

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Kensho - Initial Enlightenment

Mandarin jiàn xìng
Japanese kenshou
Korean 견성
見
性

Generally the same meaning as Satori, but referring to the initial state or initial experience of enlightenment. This is a Zen Buddhist term that is not widely known outside of the religion. Used more in Japan than China.

We are currently trying to resolve an issue where one of the Japanese translators (of the two we've hired to review our entire Asian calligraphy database) has indicated that this is not a proper or real word in Japanese. Only order this if you are more sure than we are.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Goddess of Mercy and Compassion

Mandarin guān yīn
Cantonese kwun yum
Japanese kan non
Korean 관음
觀
音

This is the Buddhist deity known as the Goddess of Mercy or Bodhisattva of Compassion. In Chinese, the proper name of this being is Guan Yin. There is some debate as to whether Guan Yin is female. The argument comes from some scripture that suggests Buddhist deities take on male form. Others say that Guan Yin has no sex. And still others are okay with the female representation of Guan Yin.

This bodhisattva is also known or Romanized in the following ways:
Mandarin Chinese: Guan Yin, Kuan Yin, Kwan Yin.
Japanese: Kannon, Kwannon.
Sanskrit: Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara.
Korean: Gwan-eum.
Vietnamese: Quan Âm.
Thai: Kuan Eim.
English: Bodhisattva of Mercy and Salvation, Goddess of Compassion, Buddha of Mercy, et al.

Note: The first character has a slight variation in Japanese. If your audience is specifically Japanese, you may want to select that version.

See Also...  Goddess | Namo Amitabha | Bodhisattva

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Goddess of Mercy and Compassion

This is the long or more formal version of this title

Mandarin guān shì yīn
Korean 관세음
觀
世
音

This is the longer, and perhaps more formal title for the Buddhist deity known as the Goddess of Mercy or Bodhisattva of Compassion.

The longer title of this bodhisattva is Romanized in the following ways:
Mandarin Chinese: Guanshi Yin, Kuan-shih Yin.
Japanese: Kanzeon.
Sanskrit: Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara.
Korean: Gwan-se-eum.
Vietnamese: Quan Thế Âm.
Thai: Prah Mae Kuan Eim.
English: Bodhisattva of Mercy and Salvation, Goddess of Compassion, Buddha of Mercy, et al.

Please view our more common and shorter version "Guan Yin" before you make a decision. Also note that the first character has a slight variation in Japanese. If your audience is specifically Japanese, you may want to select that version.

See Also...   Goddess

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Nirvana

Mandarin niè pán
Japanese nehan
Korean 열반
涅
盤

These are the Chinese characters that mean Nirvana. I will let you decide what Nirvana means to you.

These characters can also be translated as "Buddha's death and salvation" or "death of a Buddhist monk" depending on context. However, this is not seen with any bad meaning. You could replace "death" with "moving on", as that is how it's seen in Buddhist context.

槃The second character is a little different in Japanese. If you want the Japanese version of Nirvana, please click on the Kanji shown at the right, instead of the button above.

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Goddess of Compassion (Japanese)

Mandarin quān yīn
Japanese kan non
観
音

This is the specifically Japanese version of Bodhisattva of Compassion or Guan Yin. In Japanese this is pronounced Kannon, and occasionally spelled Kwannon. The Chinese version is a bit more commonly-seen in Asia, but in Japanese, there is a slight variation with the first character.

Some time ago, a camera company in Japan named their company after this Buddhist deity. That camera company is still known as Canon (they chose a "C" instead of a "K" when they Romanized this name).

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Goddess of Compassion (Japanese)

This is the long or more formal version of this title

Mandarin quān shì yīn
Japanese kan ze on
観
世
音

This is the longer and more formal Japanese version of Bodhisattva of Compassion or Guan Yin. In Japanese this is pronounced Kanzeon. The Chinese version is a bit more common in Asia, but in Japanese they use a slight variation of the first character. Choose this version only if your intended audience is specifically Japanese.

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Namo Amitabha Buddha

Mandarin nán wú ē mí tuó fó
Korean 나무아미타불
彌
陀
佛
南
無
阿


Characters shown
above are read
vertically, starting
from the right

This is how to express the compassionate Amitabha Buddha of the Pure Land Buddhist Sect in Chinese characters and Korean Hanja.

See Also...  Bodhisattva | Nirvana

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Appreciation of Truth by Meditation

Mandarin xīn yìn
Korean 심인
心
印

This is a Buddhist concept that simply stated is "appreciation of truth by meditation".

It's a deep subject, but my understanding is that you can find truth through meditation, and once you've found truth, you can learn to appreciate it more through further meditation. This title is not commonly used outside of the Buddhist community (your Asian friends may or may not understand it). The literal translation would be something like "the mind seal", I've seen this term translated this way from Japanese Buddhist poetry. But apparently, the seal that is stamped deep in your mind is the truth. You just have to meditate to find it.

Soothill defines it this way: Mental impression, intuitive certainty; the mind is the Buddha-mind in all, which can seal or assure the truth; the term indicates the intuitive method of the Chan (Zen) school, which was independent of the spoken or written word.

Reference:Soothill-Hodous Dictionary of Chinese Buddhism

See Also...  Zen

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Bodhisattva

A deity in Buddhism that exists to
help you reach enlightenment

Mandarin pú sà
Japanese bosatsu
Korean 보살
菩
薩

In Buddhist beliefs, a bodhisattva (bodhisatta) is a being who is dedicated to helping us achieve enlightenment. Bodhisattva literally means enlightenment truth which is bodhi sattva in Sanskrit.

I am not a Buddhist, so I am not sure if this is appropriate to hang on your wall. But a lot of people have been searching our website for bodhisattva, so I figured it is time to add it.

Sometimes used to refer to a kindhearted person.

See Also...  Buddha | Namo Amitabha

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Buddha / Shakyamuni

Mandarin jiā
Korean
伽

This is another common name for Gautama Buddha derived from Sanskrit. This is sort of a short way to say Sakyamuni.

Important Japanese note: This character has evolved out of the original meaning during the past thousand years. It now means nurse or attendant in Japanese, and has all but lost the Buddhist context.

Important Korean note: This means temple (often a Buddhist temple) in Korean Hanja. My Korean translator is Christian, so he's not sure if this still has the "Shakyamuni Buddha" meaning alone.

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Mercy / Compassion / Love

Mandarin
Japanese ji
Korean
慈

This is the simplest way to express the idea of compassion. It can also mean love for your fellow humans, humanity, or living creatures. Sometimes this is extended to mean charity.

This term is often used with Buddhist or Christian context. The concept was also spoken of by Laozi (Lao Tze) in the Dao De Jing (Tao Te Ching).

This Chinese character is understood in Japanese, but is usually used in compound words (not seen alone). Also used in Korean Hanja, so it's very universal.

See Also...  Mercy | Benevolence | Forgiveness | Kindness

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Dharma / Buddhist Doctrine

Mandarin fó fǎ
Korean 불법
佛
法

This can be defined as "The Law of Buddha", "The Power of Buddha", or simply "Dharma".

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Dharma / The Law

Mandarin
Japanese hou
Korean
法

This is the simple way to write "law" or in Buddhist context "Dharma".

This can also mean method, way or Buddhist teaching. It's also an abbreviation for the country of France.

The Buddhist context exists in Chinese and Korean Hanja, but I have not yet confirmed that this means more than "law" when used alone in Japanese.

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Dojo / Martial Arts Studio

Mandarin dào cháng
Japanese dou jou
Korean 도장
道
場

This is the Japanese term for a room or hall in which martial arts are taught. This word is often spelled "dojo" which has become a word in the English lexicon. However, the true Romaji is "doujou" or "dōjō".

Please note: The Chinese definition of these characters is quite different. In Chinese, this is a place where Buddhist or Taoist mass is held. It could also be the place where spiritual or psychic events are performed.

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Fate / Opportunity / Chance

(Buddhism)

Mandarin yīn yuán
Japanese innen
Korean 인연
因
緣

This is the Buddhist concept of a chance meeting or an opportunity that presents itself by fate.

Sometimes this is used to describe a cosmic chain of events or cause and effect.

It also is used to describe predestined relationships between people - and sometimes married couples (although if you want one about marriage, try this: Fate / Destiny of Lovers.

This word can also be translated as origin, karma, destiny, affinity, connection, and relation. This all depends on context - seen alone on a wall scroll, this will be read with a "fate / chance" meaning by a Chinese person, or Korean who can read Hanja.

This is a rather uncommon word in Japanese, so I recommend it only if your audience is Chinese, Korean or maybe devout Buddhist Japanese.


This concept is known as nidana in the original Sanskrit. Also sometimes presented as hetupratyaya which I believe is Pali.

See Also...  Opportunity

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Four Noble Truths: Suffering

Dukkha

Mandarin kǔ dì
Japanese kutai
Korean 고체
苦
諦

Part of life in this universe is suffering. All living things experience some form of suffering according to Buddhist teaching.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Chinese, Japanese and Korean people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Four Noble Truths:
Desire and Attachment

Samudaya

Mandarin jí dì
Japanese jittai
Korean 집체
集
諦

At the core of suffering is often the concept of desire or attachment. This can be carnal desire, monetary desire, or the attachment you have to something that you are unwilling to part with (such as a fancy car). This is a simplification of the second noble truth which is really and exploration into the root causes of suffering - it's deeper than I can go in a few sentences.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Chinese, Japanese and Korean people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Four Noble Truths:
Elimination of Desire (Nirodha)

Mandarin miè dì
Japanese mettai
Korean 멸체
滅
諦

Once you eliminate desire or attachment to worldly things, only then can you achieve enlightenment.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese, Korean, and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Four Noble Truths:
The Path Leading Away From Suffering

Magga

Mandarin dào dì
Japanese doutai
Korean 도체
道
諦

Once you have dealt with your desires, and left all desire and attachment behind, only then are on you the path away from suffering (and on your way to enlightenment). This is also called the path to liberation in some English texts on Buddhism.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Chinese, Japanese and Korean people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Four Noble Truths (Buddhism)

Mandarin sì dì
Japanese shitai
Korean 사제
四
諦

This is the title of the Four Noble Truths as taught in virtually all sects of Buddhism. They are suffering (dukkha), desire (samudaya), release from desire (nirodha), and the path leading away from suffering (magga).

The suggestion behind these truths is that all things in nature suffer. All things in nature have desire. The enlightened can release themselves from the bonds of desire. And finally, once they release all desire and attachment, the enlightened will find a path that leads away from suffering.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese, Chinese, and Korean people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Impermanence

Mandarin wú cháng
Japanese mujou
Korean 무상
無
常

This is the state of being "not permanent", "not enduring", transitory, or evolving. It can also mean variable or changeable. In some context, it can refer to a ghost that is supposed to take a soul upon death. Following that, this term can also mean to pass away or die.

In Buddhist context, this is a reminder that everything in this world is ever-changing and all circumstances of your life are temporary. If you take the Buddhist philosophy further, none of your circumstances are real, and your existence is an illusion anyway.

Language notes:
In Korean Hanja, this means uncertainty, transiency, mutability, or evanescent.
In Japanese, the definition orbits closer to the state of being uncertain.

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Inner Bliss and Peace from Meditation

Mandarin chán yuè
Korean 선열
禪
悅

This term transcends a few religions, including Taoism and Buddhism. This title refers to the inner bliss and peace that you can achieve from meditation. It can also be translated as "joy of the mystic trance" or simply "meditative bliss".

Amazing that such a complex idea can be expressed in just two Chinese characters. Note that the first character is Chan/Zen (Chinese/Japanese) which means "meditation" in both languages.

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Karma (of your past lives)

(Buddhism)

Mandarin sù yè
Japanese shukugou
Korean 숙업
宿
業

This is the Buddhist concept of Past Karma. To put it simply, it's the sum of all the good and bad from all previous lives (and perhaps earlier in your current life). This term is not commonly used outside of the Buddhist faith (you'll have a tough time finding a non-Buddhist Asian person that knows this word).

Other ways to translate this: "The karma of previous existence", "The karma remaining from prior existences", or simply "Former karma".

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Karma - Cause and Effect

(Buddhism)

Mandarin yīn guǒ
Japanese inga
Korean 인과
因
果

This is a label that is used inside and outside of the Buddhist faith to speak of Karma.

Along with the meaning of Karma, this word can be translated as "retribution" or "chain of cause and effect".

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Meditation

Mandarin míng xiǎng
Japanese mei sou
Korean 명상
冥
想

This encompasses the idea of meditation. It's also a term used to describe a deep form of day-dreaming, exploring one's imagination, the act of contemplating, or the idea of contemplation. This is often associated with Buddhism, however, the word "Zen" in Japanese (or "Chan" in Chinese) is probably more commonly used (or better known in the west).

See Also...  Zen

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Mercy / Buddhist Compassion

Mandarin cí bēi
Japanese jihi
Korean 자비
慈
悲

Can also be defined as clemency or lenience and sometimes the act of giving charity.

In Buddhist context, it can mean compassion or benevolence.

See Also...  Benevolence

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Buddhist Monk

Japanese and Korean

Japanese souryo
Korean 승려
僧
侶

The first Kanji means Buddhist priest or monk by itself.
The second Kanji means follower or companion.

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4. Right Action / Perfect Conduct

Samyak Karmanta / Samma Kammanta

Mandarin zhèng yè
Japanese sei gyou
Korean 정업
正
業

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Action, along with Right Speech and Right Living constitute the path to Virtue.

The five precepts of Right Action are:
1. To refrain from destroying living beings (no murder, or any form of taking a life).
2. To refrain from stealing.
3. To refrain from sexual misconduct (adultery, rape, etc.).
4. To refrain from false speech (lying or trickery).
5. To refrain from intoxicants which lead to heedlessness (no drugs or alcohol).

This concept can be summarized as, "Avoidance of actions that conflict with moral discipline".

Note: In Japanese, when read by a non-Buddhist, this will mean "the right job/vocation".

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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8. Right Concentration / Perfect Concentration

Samyak Samadhi / Samma Samadhi

Mandarin zhèng dìng
Japanese sei jou
Korean 정정
正
定

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Concentration, along with Right Effort and Right Mindfulness constitute the path to Concentration or Perfect Thought.

Right Concentration has to do with leaving behind sensuality, unwholesome states, as well as pleasure and pain. This is a complex idea, but once you have achieved the shedding of worldly sensation, you can truly concentrate and find a higher level of awareness.

Another definition: Concentration of mind that finds its highpoint in the four absorptions.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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6. Right Effort / Right Endeavor / Perfect Effort

Samyag Vyayama / Samma Vayama

Mandarin zhèng jīng jìn
Japanese sei shou jin
Korean 정정진
正
精
進

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Effort, along with Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration constitute the path to Concentration or Perfect Thought.

Proper effort is not the effort to make something particular happen. It is the effort to be aware and awake in each moment, the effort to overcome laziness and defilement, the effort to make each activity of our day meditation. This concept is about pursuing wholesome things that promote good karma.

Another definition: Cultivation of what is karmically wholesome and avoidance of what is karmically unwholesome.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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5. Right Living / Right Livelihood / Perfect Livelihood

Samyag Ajiva / Samma Ajiva

Mandarin zhèng mìng
Japanese sei myou
Korean 정명
正
命

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Living, along with Right Speech and Right Action constitute the path to Virtue.

Right Living means that a Buddhist should only take a job or pursue a career in a field that does no harm. Buddhists should not work in the arms trade, as pimps or in the field of prostitution, as a butcher or in a shop that kills or sells meat, in a laboratory that does animal research, or any other business that involves scheming or unethical behavior.

Another definition: Avoidance of professions that are harmful to sentient beings, such as slaugterer, hunter, dealer in weaponry or narcotics, etc.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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7. Right Mindfulness / Right Memory / Perfect Mindfulness

Samyak Smriti / Samyak Smrti / Samma Sati

Mandarin zhèng niàn
Japanese sei nen
Korean 정념
正
念

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Mindfulness, along with Right Effort and Right Concentration constitute the path to Concentration or Perfect Thought.

Right Mindfulness is about remaining focused on one's body, feelings, mind and mental qualities. It's also about being ardent, aware, and mindful, and supposes that you've already put aside worldly desire and aversion.

Monk Bhikkhu Bodhi described this as: The mind is deliberately kept at the level of bare attention, a detached observation of what is happening within us and around us in the present moment. In the practice of right mindfulness the mind is trained to remain in the present, open, quiet, and alert, contemplating the present event.

Another definition: Ongoing mindfulness of body, feelings, thinking, and objects of thought.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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2. Right Resolve / Right Thought
Right Intention / Perfect Resolve

Samyak Samkalpa / Samma Sankappa

Mandarin zhèng sī wéi
Japanese sei shi yui
Korean 정사유
正
思
唯

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Thought, along with Right View constitute the path to Wisdom.

In Buddhism, Right Thought in simple terms means to free yourself from having ill-will towards anyone or anything. It also suggests that you remain harmless to other living creatures.

This can also be defined as, "Resolve in favor of renunciation, good will, and non-harming of sentient beings".

惟"There is an ancient/alternate version of the third character for this selection. You can see that alternation third character to the right. If you want your selection to use that older character, just click on the character to the right, instead of the button above.

Note: This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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3. Right Speech / Right Talk / Perfect Speech

Samyag Vaca / Samyag Vac / Samma Vaca / Samma Vacha

Mandarin zhèng yǔ
Japanese sei go
Korean 정어
正
語

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right Speech, along with Right Action and Right Living constitute the path to Virtue.

Simply stated, Right Speech is abstaining from lying, abstaining from divisive speech, abstaining from abusive speech, abstaining from idle chatter, abstaining from slander, abstaining from gossip, or any form of harmful or wrong speech.

This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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1. Right View / Right Understanding
Right Perspective / Perfect View

Samyag Dristhi / Samyag Drsti / Samma Ditthi

Mandarin zhèng jiàn
Japanese sei ken
Korean 정견
正
見

This is one of the Noble Eightfold Paths of Buddhism. Right View, along with Right Thought constitutes the path to Wisdom.

To get to the right view of the world, you must first understand and follow Four Noble Truths.

Note: This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Nothingness

Mandarin kōng wú
Japanese kuumu
Korean 공무
空
無

This is "nothingness" in Buddhist context.

The first character means empty, but can also mean air or sky (air and sky have no form).

The second character means have not, no, none, not or to lack.

Together these characters reinforce each other into a word that means "absolute nothingness".

I know this is a term used in Buddhism, but I have not yet figured out the context in which it is used. I suppose it can be the fact that Buddhists believe that the world in a non-real illusion, or perhaps it's about visualizing yourself as "nothing" and therefore leaving behind your desire and worldliness.
Buddhist concepts and titles often have this element of ambiguity or rather "mystery". Therefore, such ideas can have different meanings to different people, and that's okay. If you don't get it right in this lifetime, as there will be plenty more lifetimes to master it (whatever "it" is, and if "it" really exists at all).

Soothill defines this as "Unreality, or immateriality, of things, which is defined as nothing existing of independent or self-contained nature".

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Pure Land

Also a sect of Buddhism

Mandarin jìng tǔ
Japanese joudo
Korean 정토
淨
土

This literally means "pure land" or "clean earth". It is also the title of a Buddhist sect which involves faith in rebirth of Buddha Amitabha in the Western Heaven. Sometimes translated as "Paradise of the West" or the Buddhist Elvsium.

See Also...  Nirvana

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Select

Reach Peace and Calm by Meditation

Mandarin ān chán
Korean 안선
安
禪

These two Chinese characters create a title that means to reach peace and calm through meditation. This is an excellent wall scroll for your relaxation or meditation room.

This is also a Buddhist-related term that encompasses the idea of entering into dhyana meditation.

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Reincarnation (Buddhism)

Mandarin zhuǎn shì
Japanese ten sei
Korean 전세
轉
世

This is the Buddhist idea of reincarnation or transmigration.

Other definitions of this term: "Attainer of Nirvana from within the desire realm", "A practitioner who enters directly into Nirvana from the desire realm, without traversing the form and formless realms. One of the 27 kinds of Hinayana sages", or simply, "to return again to this life".

This is also a Japanese title, but the first Kanji was slightly simplified after WWII. Just let us know if you want the modern Japanese version when you order.

See Also...  Rebirth

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Reincarnation / Transmigration of Souls / Karma

Mandarin lún huí
Japanese rin ne
輪
回

This is a universal word in Japanese and Chinese that expresses the Buddhist idea of "reincarnation", "transmigration of souls" or "the eternal cycle of birth and death". In some context, this can also mean "karma".

The first character means wheel, ring, turn, circle, loop or rotate.
The second character can be thought of as a suffix meaning "-times". This second character can also refer to something that revolves, returns, goes back, or a counter for the number of occurrences of some event.
Together the sum supersedes the parts and it means reincarnation. But knowing the seeing the essence of each character may help you understand some of the meaning behind the word.

廻If you request this selection from our Japanese master calligrapher, please expect that the second Kanji will look like the one shown to the right. This is the more common way to write this in Japanese. It's an alternate form of this character in Chinese (so neither way is technically wrong in either language).

See Also...  Rebirth | Karma

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Sangha

Single Character

Mandarin sēng
Japanese sou
Korean
僧

This is the single-character or short form of Sangha, the Buddhist idea of community (of monks, nuns, or followers of the Buddha). Alone, this character can simply mean "monk" (Just means monk in Japanese).

僧Note that when writing this as Kanji, Japanese will tend to write this in the form shown to the right. If you select our Japanese master calligrapher, please expect this special Kanji form.

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Sangha

Mandarin sēng qié
Japanese sougya
Korean 승가
僧
伽

In Buddhism, this term refers to a community of monks and/or nuns (one of the "Three Jewels"). In general terms, it can simply mean "all followers of the Buddha".

Notes: Though there are not vast numbers of Chinese Hindus, in the Hindu faith, this term means "community together".
The original Sanskrit word is also Romanized as samgha.
The first character means "monk". The second character means Buddha or Shakyamuni.
This is really a transliteration of the original Sanskrit, but it uses two very profound Chinese characters related to Buddhism.

Some may pronounce this as "seng qie" or "seng jia" in Mandarin (two possible pronunciations for second character). Note that "qie" would sound a bit like "chee-ah" using typical English pronunciation. Chinese Romanization is not actually designed to match English sounds.

僧Note that when writing this as Kanji, Japanese will tend to write the first character in the form shown to the right. If you select our Japanese master calligrapher, please expect this special Kanji form. However, it should also be noted that this is not a common term in Japanese (except by certain sects of Buddhism or perhaps devout Buddhists in Japan).

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Shakyamuni / The Buddha

Mandarin shì jiā móu ní
Japanese sha ka mu ni
Korean 석가모니
釋
迦
牟
尼

This means "Shakyamuni" in Chinese. This same Buddha is also known as "Siddhartha Gautama", "Gotama Buddha", "Tathagata", or simply, "The Supreme Buddha".

This is the legendary man and prince who eventually established the Buddhist religion.

Note: Occasionally Romanized as "Siddhattha Gotama".

This combination of characters is sometimes seen and used in South Korea and Japan as well (with the same meaning).

See Also...  Nirvana

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Shakyamuni / The Buddha (Japanese)

Mandarin shì jiā
Japanese sha ka
釈
迦

This is the way to write Shakyamuni in Japanese.

It's just two Kanji, the first is a simplified version of the one used in Chinese for Shakyamuni, and the second one is identical to the Chinese.

This refers to the Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama, 563 BCE-483 BCE) also known as Sakyamuni and Gautama Buddha.

This has very good meaning in Japanese, but is an odd selection for a wall scroll. It appears here more for reference.

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Sit in Meditation

Mandarin zuò chán
Japanese za zen
Korean 좌선
坐
禪

This describes the act of sitting in the state of deep meditation. You'll notice that the second character is Chan/Zen, which is often used to title the meditative form of Buddhism. In Korean Hanja, this means "religious meditation" (basically the same as the Chinese definition). This can also be defined as abstract meditation, fixed abstraction, or contemplation.

座
禅
Japanese note: This will make sense in Japanese, but the Kanji shown to the left are partially in ancient/traditional Japanese form. Japanese may use both forms of the first Kanji, but the more standard/modern Japanese form of this word is shown to the right. Click on the Kanji to the right (instead of the button above) if you want that form.

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Truth Flashed Through The Mind

Mandarin cān wù
參
悟

This is a Chan / Zen Buddhism concept that means "to understand (mystery) from meditation", or "to see truth flash through the mind".

This is a pretty deep idea, therefore, your own study and contemplation may be required before you can fully appreciate it.

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Select

Zen Contemplation

Mandarin rù dìng
Korean 입정
入
定

This title can be defined as Zen contemplation in Japanese, or sit quietly in (Buddhist) meditation in Chinese. It also carries a similar meaning in Korean Hanja. Therefore, this is a rather universal term for meditation in the context of Buddhism throughout the Orient.

Can also be translated as "Meditatively equipoised" or "enter into meditation by stilling the karmic activities of deed, speech, and thought".

The original Sanskrit word is samapanna. In Tibetan: snyoms par zhugs pa.

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Zen Understanding

Mandarin cān chán
Korean 참선
參
禪

This title speaks of reaching an understanding (of Zen or the world). It also means "to practice meditation". The two concepts lead you to the idea that meditation leads to understanding. This is pretty deep, so you can do your own research, or decide what this means for you.

This can also be defined in a more complex way as "thoroughly penetrating with meditative insight".

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Zen / Chan / Meditation

...as in Zen Buddhism

Mandarin chán
Japanese zen
Korean
禪

First let's correct something: The Japanese romanization for this character, "zen" has penetrated the English language. In English, it's almost always incorrectly used for phrases like "That's so zen". Nobody says "That's so meditation" - right? As the title of a sect, this would be like saying, "That's soooo Baptist!"

This character by itself just means "meditation". In that context, it should not be confined to use by any one religion or sect.

Regardless of the dictionary definition, more often than not, this character is associated with Buddhism. And here is one of the main reasons:
Zen is used as the title of a branch of Mahayana Buddhism which strongly emphasizes the practice of meditation.
However, it should be noted that Buddhism came from India, and "Chan Buddhism" evolved and developed in medieval China. The Chinese character "Chan" was eventually pronounced as "Zen" in Japanese. Chan Buddhists in China have a lot in common with Zen Buddhists in Japan.

More about the history of Zen Buddhism here.

Please also note that the Japanese Kanji character for zen has evolved a little in Japan, and the two boxes (kou) that you see at the top of the right side of the character have been replaced by three dots with tails.Japanese Zen Kanji The original character would still be generally understood and recognized in Japanese (it's considered an ancient version in Japan), but if you want the specifically modern Japanese version, please click on the zen Kanji to the right. Technically, there is no difference in Tensho and Reisho versions of zen since they are ancient character styles that existed long before Japan had a written language.

Chinese Zen/Chan CharacterThere is also an alternate/shorthand/simplified Chinese version which has two dots or tails above the right-side radical. This version is also popular for calligraphy in China. If you want this version, just click the character to the right.

Further notes: Zen is just one of seven sects of Buddhism practiced in Japan. The others are 律 Ritsu (or Risshū), 法相 Hossō, 論 Sanron 華嚴Kegon, 天台 Tendai, and 眞言 Shingon.

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Lotus Sutra / Namu Myoho Renge Kyo

Mandarin nán wú miào fǎ lián huá jīng
Japanese na mu myo hou ren ge kyo
蓮
華
經
南
無
妙
法


Characters shown
above are read
vertically, starting
from the right

This is sometimes translated as the "Devotion to the Law of the Lotus Flower Scripture". It's actually a meditation chant used by Nichiren Buddhists in Japan. It's also a chant used in China by certain sects of Buddhism that celebrate the deity Guanyin.

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Triple Truth of Japanese Buddhism

Japanese ningensei o saisei suruno wa kanyou na kokoro shinsetsu na kotoba houshi to omoiyari no seishin
仕
と
思
い
や
り
の
精
神
寛
容
な
心
親
切
な
言
葉
奉
人
間
性
を
再
生
す
る
の
は


Characters shown
above are read
vertically, starting
from the right

The Buddha ordered that all should know this triple truth...
A generous heart, kind speech, and a life of service and compassion are the things which renew humanity.

This is the English translation most commonly used for this Japanese Buddhist phrase. You might have seen this on a coffee cup or tee-shirt.

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The Noble Eightfold Path

Ashtangika Marga / Astangika-Marga / Atthangika Magga

Mandarin bā zhèng dào
Japanese ha sshou dou
Korean 팔정도
八
正
道

This is a complex set of steps that Buddhists much take to cleanse karma, achieve enlightenment, eventually cease the cycle of rebirth and live in a state of Nirvana.

If the idea of 8 separate wall scrolls plus this title is too much for you, we can custom-arrange all eight of these concepts on a single wall scroll. Just post your request on our Asian calligraphy forum, and we can discuss options.

Note: This term is exclusively used by devout Buddhists. It is not a common term, and is remains an unknown concept to most Japanese and Chinese people.

See Also...  Enlightenment

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Small-sized standard calligraphy wall scrolls on this page start at the following prices:

1 character $26.88

2 characters $33.88

3 characters $38.88

4 characters $43.88

6 characters $49.88

7 characters $51.88

11 or more characters $56.88

We dispatch any size order to any country worldwide for a flat rate US$9.80 P&P


After you select your calligraphy, our website will take you through the process of customizing your artwork.

Options for other mounting such as portraits are available for $13 less.

We also offer the services of Chinese and Japanese master calligraphers for an additional fee if you are looking for investment-quality calligraphy.

If you chose a master-calligrapher, you also get more choices for silk and paper colors and the option for larger artwork.




A nice Chinese calligraphy wall scroll

The scroll that I am holding in this picture is a "regular size"
4-character wall scroll.
As you can see, it is a great size to hang on your wall.
(We also offer custom wall scrolls in larger sizes)

A professional Chinese Calligrapher

Professional calligraphers are getting to be hard to find these days.
Instead of drawing characters by hand, the new generation in China merely type roman letters into their computer keyboards and pick the character that they want from a list that pops up.

There is some fear that true Chinese calligraphy may become a lost art in the coming years. Many art institutes in China are now promoting calligraphy programs in hopes of keeping this unique form of art alive.

Trying to learn Chinese calligrapher - a futile effort

Even with the teachings of a top-ranked calligrapher in China, my calligraphy will never be good enough to sell. I will leave that to the experts.


A high-ranked Chinese master calligrapher that I met in Zhongwei

The same calligrapher who gave me those lessons also attracted a crowd of thousands and a TV crew as he created characters over 6-feet high. He happens to be ranked as one of the top 100 calligraphers in all of China. He is also one of very few that would actually attempt such a feat.



See: Our list of specifically Japanese Kanji Calligraphy Wall Scrolls. And, check out Our list of specifically old Korean Hanja Calligraphy Wall Scrolls.



The following table is only helpful for those studying Chinese (or Japanese), and perhaps helps search engines to find this page when someone enters Romanized Chinese or Japanese

Title
 
Characters
Simplified
Traditional
Japanese Romaji
(Romanized Japanese)
Various forms of Hanyu-Pinyin
(Romanized Chinese)
Buddhism / Buddha
hotoke
fo
fo2
fo
Buddhism (Chinese)佛教
佛教
n/afó jiào
fo jiao
fo2 jiao4
fojiao
Buddha / Buddhism (Japanese)
仏 / 佛
hotoke / butsu
hotoke/butsu
n/a
Buddhism (Japanese)仏教
仏教
bukkyou
bukyo
n/a
Karma
gou
go

ye
ye4
ye
Bodhi - Awakening Enlightenment菩提
菩提
bodaipú tí
pu ti
pu2 ti2
puti
Kensho - Initial Enlightenment见性
見性
kenshou
kensho
jiàn xìng
jian xing
jian4 xing4
jianxing
Goddess of Mercy and Compassion观音
觀音 / 観音
kan non
kannon
guān yīn
guan yin
guan1 yin1
guanyin
Goddess of Mercy and Compassion观世音
觀世音
n/aguān shì yīn
guan shi yin
guan1 shi4 yin1
guanshiyin
Nirvana涅盘 / 涅槃
涅盤
nehanniè pán
nie pan
nie4 pan2
niepan
Goddess of Compassion (Japanese)観音
観音
kan non
kannon
quān yīn
quan yin
quan1 yin1
quanyin
Goddess of Compassion (Japanese)観世音
観世音
kan ze on
kanzeon
quān shì yīn
quan shi yin
quan1 shi4 yin1
quanshiyin
Namo Amitabha Buddha南无阿弥陀佛
南無阿彌陀佛
n/anán wú ē mí tuó fó
nan wu e mi tuo fo
nan2 wu2 e1 mi2 tuo2 fo2
nanwuemituofo
Appreciation of Truth by Meditation心印
心印
n/axīn yìn
xin yin
xin1 yin4
xinyin
Bodhisattva菩萨
菩薩
bosatsupú sà
pu sa
pu2 sa4
pusa
Buddha / Shakyamuni
n/ajiā
jia
jia1
jia
Mercy / Compassion / Love
ji
ci
ci2
ci
Dharma / Buddhist Doctrine佛法
佛法
n/afó fǎ
fo fa
fo2 fa3
fofa
Dharma / The Law
hou
ho

fa
fa3
fa
Dojo / Martial Arts Studio道场
道場
dou jou
doujou
do jo
dào cháng
dao chang
dao4 chang2
daochang
Fate / Opportunity / Chance因缘
因緣
innenyīn yuán
yin yuan
yin1 yuan2
yinyuan
Four Noble Truths: Suffering苦谛
苦諦
kutaikǔ dì
ku di
ku3 di4
kudi
Four Noble Truths: Desire and Attachment集谛
集諦
jittaijí dì
ji di
ji2 di4
jidi
Four Noble Truths: Elimination of Desire (Nirodha)灭谛
滅諦
mettaimiè dì
mie di
mie4 di4
miedi
Four Noble Truths: The Path Leading Away From Suffering道谛
道諦
doutai
dotai
dào dì
dao di
dao4 di4
daodi
Four Noble Truths (Buddhism)四谛
四諦
shitaisì dì
si di
si4 di4
sidi
Impermanence无常
無常
mujou
mujo
wú cháng
wu chang
wu2 chang2
wuchang
Inner Bliss and Peace from Meditation禅悦
禪悅
n/achán yuè
chan yue
chan2 yue4
chanyue
Karma (of your past lives)宿业
宿業
shukugou
shukugo
sù yè
su ye
su4 ye4
suye
Karma - Cause and Effect因果
因果
ingayīn guǒ
yin guo
yin1 guo3
yinguo
Meditation冥想
冥想
mei sou
meisou
mei so
míng xiǎng
ming xiang
ming2 xiang3
mingxiang
Mercy / Buddhist Compassion慈悲
慈悲
jihicí bēi
ci bei
ci2 bei1
cibei
Buddhist Monk僧侶
僧侶
souryo
soryo
n/a
4. Right Action / Perfect Conduct正业
正業
sei gyou
seigyou
sei gyo
zhèng yè
zheng ye
zheng4 ye4
zhengye
8. Right Concentration / Perfect Concentration正定
正定
sei jou
seijou
sei jo
zhèng dìng
zheng ding
zheng4 ding4
zhengding
6. Right Effort / Right Endeavor / Perfect Effort正精进
正精進
sei shou jin
seishoujin
sei sho jin
zhèng jīng jìn
zheng jing jin
zheng4 jing1 jin4
zhengjingjin
5. Right Living / Right Livelihood / Perfect Livelihood正命
正命
sei myou
seimyou
sei myo
zhèng mìng
zheng ming
zheng4 ming4
zhengming
7. Right Mindfulness / Right Memory / Perfect Mindfulness正念
正念
sei nen
seinen
zhèng niàn
zheng nian
zheng4 nian4
zhengnian
2. Right Resolve / Right Thought / Right Intention / Perfect Resolve正思唯
正思唯
sei shi yui
seishiyui
zhèng sī wéi
zheng si wei
zheng4 si1 wei2
zhengsiwei
3. Right Speech / Right Talk / Perfect Speech正语
正語
sei go
seigo
zhèng yǔ
zheng yu
zheng4 yu3
zhengyu
1. Right View / Right Understanding / Right Perspective / Perfect View正见
正見
sei ken
seiken
zhèng jiàn
zheng jian
zheng4 jian4
zhengjian
Nothingness空无
空無
kuumu
kumu
kōng wú
kong wu
kong1 wu2
kongwu
Pure Land净土
淨土
joudo
jodo
jìng tǔ
jing tu
jing4 tu3
jingtu
Reach Peace and Calm by Meditation安禅
安禪
n/aān chán
an chan
an1 chan2
anchan
Reincarnation (Buddhism)转世
轉世
ten sei
tensei
zhuǎn shì
zhuan shi
zhuan3 shi4
zhuanshi
Reincarnation / Transmigration of Souls / Karma轮回
輪回 / 輪廻
rin ne
rinne
lún huí
lun hui
lun2 hui2
lunhui
Sangha
sou
so
sēng
seng
seng1
seng
Sangha僧伽
僧伽
sougya
sogya
sēng qié
seng qie
seng1 qie2
sengqie
Shakyamuni / The Buddha释迦牟尼
釋迦牟尼
sha ka mu ni
shakamuni
shì jiā móu ní
shi jia mou ni
shi4 jia1 mou2 ni2
shijiamouni
Shakyamuni / The Buddha (Japanese)釈迦
釈迦
sha ka
shaka
shì jiā
shi jia
shi4 jia1
shijia
Sit in Meditation坐禅
坐禪
za zen
zazen
zuò chán
zuo chan
zuo4 chan2
zuochan
Truth Flashed Through The Mind参悟
參悟
n/acān wù
can wu
can1 wu4
canwu
Zen Contemplation入定
入定
n/arù dìng
ru ding
ru4 ding4
ruding
Zen Understanding参禅
參禪
n/acān chán
can chan
can1 chan2
canchan
Zen / Chan / Meditation
zenchán
chan
chan2
chan
Lotus Sutra / Namu Myoho Renge Kyo南无妙法莲华经
南無妙法蓮華經
na mu myo hou ren ge kyo
namumyohourengekyo
na mu myo ho ren ge kyo
nán wú miào fǎ lián huá jīng
nan wu miao fa lian hua jing
nan2 wu2 miao4 fa3 lian2 hua2 jing1
nanwumiaofalianhuajing
Triple Truth of Japanese Buddhism人間性を再生するのは寛容な心親切な言葉奉仕と思いやりの精神
人間性を再生するのは寛容な心親切な言葉奉仕と思いやりの精神
ningensei o saisei suruno wa kanyou na kokoro shinsetsu na kotoba houshi to omoiyari no seishin
ningenseiosaiseisurunowakanyounakokoroshinsetsunakotobahoushitoomoiyarinoseishin
ningensei o saisei suruno wa kanyo na kokoro shinsetsu na kotoba hoshi to omoiyari no seishin
n/a
The Noble Eightfold Path八正道
八正道
ha sshou dou
hasshoudou
ha sho do
bā zhèng dào
ba zheng dao
ba1 zheng4 dao4
bazhengdao
If you have not set up your computer to display Chinese, the characters in this table probably look like empty boxes or random text garbage.
This is why we spent hundreds of hours making images so that you could view the characters in the "Buddhism" listings above.
If you want your Windows computer to be able to display Chinese characters you can either head to your Regional and Language options in your Win XP control panel, select the [Languages] tab and click on [Install files for East Asian Languages]. This task will ask for your Win XP CD to complete in most cases. If you don't have your Windows XP CD, or are running Windows 98, you can also download/run the simplified Chinese font package installer from Microsoft which works independently with Win 98, ME, 2000, and XP. It's a 2.5MB download, so if you are on dial up, start the download and go make a sandwich.


All custom calligraphy items are made-to-order in our little Beijing artwork-mounting workshop.
Please note: Rush service can be as fast as two weeks, but regular service is over a month for delivery.


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Last modified: Aug 16 2008 10:41